Combined air-pump and starter for explosive-engines.



F-. E. TEN EYCK. COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOSIYE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED IITNE I2, I9I4.

Patented May 25, 1915.

6 SH EETS SHEET I.

Q vi/bnmeo: I. I gnventoz as I WK v M1924 WW F. E. TEN EYCK. COMBINEDAIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, I914.

Patented May 25, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

F q n00 MM F. E. TEN EYCK. I COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOSIVEENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I2, I9I4.

1,140,723. Patented May 25, 1915.

6SHEETSSHEET 3.

. p v I I 5 15 g I I I 46 i I 1 M 23 I I I Z2 ,x 16

3 I Y v 10 66 V I U 55 I I F. E. TEN EYC K. 4 COMBINED AIR PUMP ANDSTARTER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

I APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, I914- 1,140,723. Patented May 25, 1915 6SHEETS-SHEET 4.

F. E. TEN EYCK.

COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER-FOR ExPLosm ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1914.

1,140,723. Patented May 25, 1915.

F. E. TEN EYCK.

COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOS VE ENGINES.

Patented May 25, 1915.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE I2. 1914, 1,140,723. T

6 SHEETS-SHEET a.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrron.

FRANK- n. Tait-Eran, or-nusurm, NEW Yon-K, nssronon To AUTO Ammo'ron."

'To'all whom it may concern Be it 'known that I, FRANKE. TENEYGK,

l a citizen of the United States, residing at "Auburn, in the countyof'caeyuga and: State vtures hereinafter described, reference being Ihad to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment of theinvention and the said invention vehicle,

selected by me for purposes of illustration,

is fullydisclosed in the following description and claims.

Referring to the said'drawings,

' Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved air pump andstartershowing it operatively connected with the .BXplOS10Il engine ofan automobile or other motor a portion of the dash board being indicatedin section and the location of the air pressure gage and controlmechanism for the hand operated control valve'being also illustrated.Fig. 2 is a front end elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a rear end elevation of the combined pump and starter detached, drawnto a slightly enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the combinedpump and starter, a portion of the mechanism being indicated in section.Fig. 5 is a rear end view of a portion of the apparatus showing the mainand auxiliary distributer valve casings with thecovers removed and thevalves removed. Fig. 6 is" a detail view of the main distributer valveshowing the inner face thereof. Fig. 7 is similar view of the auxiliarydistributer val e showing the inner face; Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectionon line 8-8 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows, andshowing the assembled relation of the main and auxiliary distributorvalves. Fig. 9 is a side elevation partly -in section of the handoperated control valve .-on the dash. F 10 is an elevation withthe'cover of the valve casing removed, showing the valve in position.Figs. 1.1 and 12 are detailed views of the inlet and exhaust valves withwhich each cylinder of the. combined pump and starter is provided. Fig.13 is a detailed Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 12, 1914. Serial No. 844,611.

' OQMPANY, 0F CHICAGOQILLINOIS, .A CORPORATION OF'MAINE.

COMBINED AIR-PUMP LAND STARTER- IFOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGIN'ES.

Patented. 25, 1915.

sectional view of one of tlieautomatic valves with which each cylinderofthe 'pump and starter, and each cylinder of the en'gine, is provided.L

The object of my invention. is to provide an apparatus oper ativelyconnected'to and combined with an explosion engine: which can beoperated by the engine as a pump for the purpose of compressing andstoring air or other motor fluid, and which can bcoperated by saidcompressed motor fluid so as to convert it into a motor for the pur poseof starting the explosion engine, that is to say, for the purpose ofturning over the engine sufliciently to enable ittooperate as anexplosion engine under its own power. While the combined pump andcompressed fluid motor herein shown and described may be relied upon toimpart sufficient motion and momentum to the moving apparatus of theexplosion engine to start the same, in

the preferred embodiment of my invention herein shown and described, Iprefer to combine with my improved pump and compressed fluid motor,operativcmeans for'admitting the compressed motor fluid simultaneouslyto the engine cylinders and motor cylinders and for automaticallycontrolling the supply of motor fluid so that the engine willbe morequickly andpowerfully actuated and will more quickly attain the desiredmomentum to enable it' to "operate under its own power supplied by'thecombus tion of the explosive mixture. I also prefer to provide means forrelieving the engine cylinders in which compression'is takllljfif placeduring the time that the compressed motor fluid is being supplieddirectly to the engine cylinders in succession, or in other words, forrelieving the compression in the nextprec'eding engine cylinder tofacilitata the operation of the engine under the force of the compressedmotor fluid and enable it to more quickly attain the desired speed andmomentum. In this my preferred construction, the combined pump andstarter may be made very small and need not be capable of exerting morethan the necessary power for turning the engineofi of the dead center asin practice it is found that an explosion engine or internal combustionengine has a tendency to stop at the dead center and as will behereinafter more fully described, as soon as the com pressed fluid airhas moved the crank shaft of the engine oil of the dead center, the

- compressed motor fluid will be admitted to the appropriatecylinder ofthe engine, thus enabling it to start immediately under the actuation ofthe motor fluid andto thereafterquicklyand almost instantaneously atoutthe cooperation of means for supplying compressed motor fluid to theengine cylinders, if desired. t

In the accompanying drawings 1 repre sents the explosion or internalcombustion I engine, which in this instance is provided with fourexplosion cylinders 2, 3, 4, and 5.

6 represents the crank shaft-which is provided in this instance with asprocket wheel 7 by means of which power may be transmitted to thecombined pump and compressed fluid motor.

The engine as illustrated in Fig. 1 is mounted on the forward part ofthe chassis 'of iifiautomolnile or OtLQLmOtOr vehicle, the

I dashboard of which is indicatedat 8..

i a gear wheel 16 mounted shaft.

The combined pump and motor is'shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as located at oneside of the engine and suitably supported in fixed relation thereto andit comprises a baseportion 10 and a plurality of cylinders, threecylinders 11, 12, and 13, being shown in the .eni-

bodiment illustrated in the drawings. Each of the cylinders is providedwith a piston and piston rod of ordinary construction (not shown)operatively connected in the usual.

-manner with a crank shaft 14, which in this instance is provided with apinion 15 having a broad face, said pinion being in mesh with on asecondary shaft 17, journaled in hearings in the base 10 of the pump,and extending longitudinally through the same, said gear 16 beingconnected to the shaft by a key 18 and being capable of slidinglongitudinally on the Loosely mounted on, the shaft is a hub or clutchmember 19 provided with a clutch recess 20 to receive a clutchprojection 21 which'is preferably secured to the gear 16 and upon thehub or clutch member 19 is secured a sprocket 22 by means of a key orotherwise, which sprocket is connected by a sprocket chain 9 with thesprocket 7 on the crank shaft of the engine. I alsoprovide automaticmeans for clutching the sprocket wheel 22 to the secondary shaft 17, inthis projection 21"and recess 20 which mechanism includes instance bymoving the gear wheel 16 end wise on the shaft 17 to interlock theclutch (see Fig. 4-) a cylinder 23 provided with a piston 24 workingtherein, and

piston rod 25 having a shoulder 26 forlii'nlting its outward motion. byenga qement 28 being provided in this instance within the cylinder 23and surrounding the piston rod 25 for returning the parts to normalposition.

Each of the pump cylinders is provided with an inlet valve 30, oneof-which is shown in detail in Fig, 11, in this instance 'providedwith aspring seated valve, and

the upper end of the pump cylinders, which are preferably formed as asingle casting, are connected by a delivery passage 31, indicated in Fig.-12,-and-each engine cylinder is provided with an outlet valveindicated at 32 in Fig. 12, provided with spring pressed ball valvewhich opens to permit the air' I compressed in the cylinder to passthrough the .discharge passage 31. The discharge.

passage 31 communicates with a pipe 33 which is connected through thehand operated control valve hereinafter referred to with a storage tank(not shown) and I prefer to designatethe pipe:33 as the pump line, forconvenience of-reference.

3 1 represents abranch line or by pass from the pump line or dischargepassage 31 to the clutch operating cylinder 23 (see Fig. 4), forsupplying compressed air to the cylinder 23 to operate the clutch. Fromthe foregoing description of the apparatus, it will be apparent that ifthe tank is partially charged with air and the control valve hereinafterdescribed is placed in such a posipump line 33 and the tank, the backpressure from the tank will pass to the by pass 3i and actuate thepiston 24-, thus clutchingthe "35, one of which is shown in detail in.Fig. 13. This valve comprises a body 3.6,pro-

vided with a valve seat 37, a needle valve or 'stem valve 38, adapted toslide in a suitable guiding means provided in connection with the cas ng36, in this instance a threadedsleeve 39, the valve stem'being providedwith a piston-40 working in an extension chamber 41 and provided With aspring 42, which normally holds the valve seated. The

'tion as to open communication between the casing 36 is provided with aninlet aperture 4:3 to which a pipe may be connected, and the extensionchamber is provided below the piston with an inlet 44 to which a pipecan.

.be connected, for the purpose of introducing simultaneously compressedair to operate on the lower face of the piston and raise the valve 011'of its I seat. The relief chambers below the pistonsAO in all of theautomatic valves. 35 are connected with a by pass 46 in any desired way,in this instance-by connecting pipes 46 (see Fig. 4:), so that thepistons -10 may be entering through the'pipe or by pass 46 ashereinbefore explained.

At one end of the pump mechanism I provide'wha-t I term the maindistributercasing, indicated at 50 and best shown in Figs. 5 and 8. Thiscasing is conveniently formed on the end of the pump base and a reducedportion 14 of the pump crank shaft extends into it and is provided atits end with a pair of apertures 14. The casing 50 is closed by a cap 51and within the casing is a ho tary disk valve 52, which is preferablyprovided with pins 53 for engaging the aper- -tures 14 in the crankshaft and connecting the disk, to the crank shaft. The inner face.

of the disk is ground to fit against the inface of the recess, formedwithin the casing 50 and the disk is provided with a segmental slot 54and with a segmental recess 55 on-its inner face having a short passage56 extending therefrom and communicating with a central passage 14 inthe crank shaft 14:, which terminates at one side of the. shaft atsomeconvenient point inside of the casing to-take care of the exhaust whenthe pump is used as a fluid pressure motor as hereinafter described. Itwill be understood that the-casing 10 of the pump will be providedfnight be delivered. in any with the usual breathing aperture 10 Thebottom face of the recess within the casing 50, against which the valvedisk 52 rotates is provided with three ports 11, 12, and 13, from whichpassages extend which are connected by pipes 11*, 12 and 13 respectivelywith the casing 36 of the automatic valve on the pumpcylinders 11, 12,and 13 respectively. The. relation of the segmental aperture54 and thesegmental recess 55 of the valve disk 52 aresuch that during theofthe'casing j50 communicat es with .a late'ral passage 57 in a ,boss 58' onthe end of the pump casing which boss' is provided witlilan inletapcrture 59 connected by a 'pipe 60.;with the compressed air tankthrough the hand operated control valve hereinafter described, the pipe,-'60 being termed for convenience, the starter pipe line.

actuated by compressed air through the recess-55, to the exhaust Theboss 58 is also provided with alateral aperture 61 to which is connectedthe by pass pipe &6 before referred to, which communicates with therelief chambers of all the automatic valves.35 for thepurpose oflifting-thevalves 03 their seatsf as before stated.

It will now be seen that if the connection between the pump line 33 andthe tank is cut ofi, and communication between the starter pipe line 60and the tank is established, compressed air from the tank athighpressure will be delivered through the starterpipe line to the boss 58an will pass thence through the pipe 46' to the relief so chambers ofthe. several automatic valves, thus. opening the valves 38 and the motorfluid will also pass through the passage 57 into the main distributer 50and through the slot 54 and theparticular port which is uncovered at thetime to one of the pump cylinders through the automatic valve 35thereof, thereby imparting motion to the piston in the said valve, andstarting the pump mechanism, which" then acts as a motor.

The rotation of the disk 52 will distribute the compressed fluid to thepump cylinders in rotation as before stated, and'the' cylinderswill'exhaust in the manner described so that a rapid rotation of theshaft 14 is.

effected by the device acting as a motor. The intgoduction ofcompressedair into the pump cylinders will simultaneously open the outlet.valves32 thereof and permita portion of the compressed fluid to pass intothe'1 00 passage 31, which being in communicatlon with the by pass 34and the trunk line 33 being closed as before stated, will effectautomatically the operation of. the piston 24 .in the cylinder 23 andclutch the Wheel 16 to the sprocket wheel 22 connected with the engine,therebyimparting motion from the crank shaft of the starter to theengine shaft as will be readily understood.

As before stated in the preferred fc-i'f-hifl of my invention hereinSl'lOWI1,I also provide means for simultaneously admitting the pressurefluid when the.pump mechanism is operated as a motor, .to the successivecylinders of the explosion engine and forv this- 1 purpose I employ anauxiliary distributer which is driven by the starter and is arranged soas to be connected to the engine shaft is proper timing therewith. Inthe embodiment of my invention herein shown,

I operate the auxiliary distributer by means of the secondary shaft 17before referred to and the distributer casing65'is preferably formed .onthe end plate of the pump base 10 adjacent to the main disti'ibutercasing 50 and is in communication with the passage 57 receivingcompressed air from the starter pipe line 60 as, clearly shown in Figs.5 and 8. The casing 65 is provided with a removable cap 66 and-containsarotary disk valve 67 which is provided withpins 68 engaging apertures intheend of a reduced portion 17 of the shaft 17 and the said shaftl'? isprovided with a relief passage 17 extend- 5 ing longitudinallytherethrough .and discharging at' one side of the shaft, preferablywithin the pump base. The disk valve 67 is provided with a set .ientalrecess 69 for admitting the motor fluid successively to ports 2", 3 4",and 5 which communicate with passages leading to pipes 2 3", P, and 5the said pipes extending respectively to automatic valves 35*, mountedon and communicating with the several cylinders of the engine. Theseautomatic valves 35 are constructed like the automatic valves 35, one ofwhich is shown in Fig. 13 in detail, except that they are slightlylarger, and it will be unnecessary to repeat the description of thevalve 35. Each of these valves 35 is pro vided with a relief chamber,the relief chambers being connected by pipes 46 which are preferablyslightly curved to avoid inter ference with the spark plugsof theexplosionengine cylinders, and the lastvalve 35 of the series isconnectedby a short by pass 46 (see Fig. 1) with the starter pipe lineso that pressure fluid from the starter pipe line can pass to the reliefchambers of all the valves 35 beneath the pistons therein, and lift thevalves off of their seats, leaving the automatic valves in opencommunication with the auxiliary distributer ports 2, etc., beforereferred to, and thus enabling 35 the distributer valve disk 67 tosupply compressed air to the engine cylinders in rota-' tlon.

In starting an .explosion-engine'the power exerted to turn over. theengine shaft is naturally resisted by the compression in the particularcylinder the piston of which is i moved backward toward the head of thecylinder, and to facilitate the quick starting of the engine, I preferto relieve this compression automatically, which occurs in one of thecylinders, in advance of the one to which compressed motor fluid isbeing admitted in the cycle of operation of the engine. To this end thevalve disk'67 is provided in its inner face with a segmental recess 70(see Fig. 7) in communication with the central passage'17 of the shaft17, and this recess 70 is located a suflicient distance in advance ofthe recess 69 to bring it into communication with the port for themextpreceding cylinder, or in other words, the cylinder in which compressionis taking place, at the time the recess 69 opens one of the ports of theauxiliary distributer to receive com- 80 pressed motor fluid. Thispermits the compression in. the cylinder ahead to be relieved backthrough the auxiliary distribp'ter 55-and through the passage '17". Inorder to facilitate theoperation of the engine under its own explosivepower, I prefer to make that it will have the necessary effect whilewhen the engine attains high speed, the

-minute passage will not be sulficient te .permit all of the compressedexplosive. mixture 70 which will be drawn into the engine cylinders andcompressed therein to be \relieved in the short instant of time that therecess 70 is over the appropriate port. To this end I convenientlyinsert in the relief passage 17 a bushing 17 provided-with a very minutecentral. aperture as shown in Fig. 8 Y which restricts the reliefpassage and accomplishes the desired result before stated. Ob: Iviously, the compressed air employed in op erating the cylinders of theengine in starting will exhaust through the normal exhaust ports of theengine when the exhaust valves of the engine are opened by thecammechanism forming'part of the engine mechai nism, the details ofwhich are thoroughly understood by those skilled in the art and need nottherefore be particularly described and shown herein. i

For convenience in applying my invention to-the engines of automobilesand other mo tor vehicles so that the mechanism can be controlled from apoint adjacent to the steering wheel or steering shaft, I employ acontrolling valve which is illustrated in detail I in Figs. 9 and 10,and which is also shown. in Fig. 1. This control valve comprises a valvecasing 75 wl1ich may be conveniently mounted upon the steering sleeve 76through which thesteering shaft 77 provided with the usual steeringwheel 78, extends. This casing is provided on the rear face with aremovable cover. 75 preferably provided with a hollow boss 7 5 which isconnected at one end with a pipe80extending to the tanl; (not shown),which may be of any desired form or size and which is preferablyprovided with the usual out ofi valve. by which it can be hermeticallyclosed, so as to disconneot'it from the pipe line and prevent 11 0.leakage when the apparatus is left for a con-' siderable time in orderthat there always may be a reserve of compressed fluid in the tank. Theother end of the passage in the boss 75" is connected by a pipe 81 witha 115.

pressure gage 82, which preferably has its dial so located that it canbe seen by the operator.v The valve casing 7 5 is provided on itsinterior face with two ports 83 and 84 communicating with lateralpassages which.

are connected respectively with the starter pipe 'line 60 and the pumpline 33. As previously stated, a by pass 46 is connected to the starterpipe line and this connection" may be accomplished conveniently by meansof a secondary passage in the valve casing, indicated at 46communicating with the port 83 and to which the pipe 46 is connected, orthe pipe 46 might be directly connected with the starter pipe line 60 atsome other point, if it is found more convenient. The-valve-casing 75 isalso pro- 'yided with oscillating disk valve 90 which. is

' head and the shaft 95 may provided with .two apertures 91 and 92.

ada ted the one to be brought into registration with'the port83 andthe'j other to be brought into registration with the port'84,

and the disk valve is provlded with lateral projections 93 atoppositesides, adapted to 'engage a pin 94 and stop the valve when it isin one or the other of its operative positions, While in a centralposition between the two operative positions, both of the ports 83 and84 will be closed by the solid portion of the disk as clearly shown inFig. .10. For convenience the oscillating valve disk 90 is provided witha valve stem 95 extending out through they front of the casing andprovided' with an operating handle 96 and pointer 97 which is placedover-the dial 98, and the dial will be marked with an indication for offor neutral position and also for the pump and starter positions. Thecontrol valve may be provided with a suitable clamp as indicated at 7 5for attaching it to the sleeve 7 6 of the steering also be supportasuitable bearing 99 ed at its outer end in 100 for engaging the providedwith a clamp steering head and'holding the shaft in proper position. Ialso prefer to employ a spring indicated at 100 in Fig; for malntainingthe oscillating disk 90 in close engagement with the inner face of thevalve casing 7 5.

The various parts of the apparatus having now been described, it will beunderstood that if the engine is running and it is detired to compress aquantity of air into the tank and store the same,

throw the handle 96 to the indicated position for operating-the combinedpump and starter as a pump, which moves the control valve disk 90 intoposition to bring the aperture 92 into communication with the port 8 1,the back pressure ofair .already contained in the tank will immediatelyexert l v i itself through the pump line as before described and through'mitting power from the the bv pass 34 so as to actuate the piston 24and connect the gear 16 with the sprocket 22, thereby transengine to thepump 2' .shaft 15 and driving the pistons thereof so as to compress airtherein,

cllargedl through which is disthe outlet valves 32, the a sage 31communicating therewith, and c throii'gh the fpu mp line 33, ports 84 ad 92and tank pipe 80,.t0 the tank, the accumulated pressure beingindicated on the gage 82 When the gage reaches the desired point say 200lbs, the operator Wlll 'move the handle 96 to the neutral position,

thus shutting the pump line at the control valve and the loss ofpressure' in the pump line which follows will permit the spring theoperator will cilitate the turning over of the engine.

28 to disconnect the clutch mechanism engine. Supposing that the engineis at rest and it is desired to start the engine, the operator will movethe handle 96 into the position to bring the valve port 91 intoregistration with the'port 83 and establish communication between, thetank and the starter pipe line 60, and simultaneously establishcommunication between the tank and by pass 46 leading to the automaticvalves 35 of the engine cylinder, and simultaneously establishingcommunication between the tank and by pass46 leading to the reliefchambers of the automatic valves 35 of the pump cylinders. Thecompressed air from the tank passing through the starter pipe line 60passes to the boss 58 and to the main and auxiliary distributers beforedescribed. As the engine usually stops on dead center the admission ofcompressed air to the appropriate port in the auxiliary distributer tothe appropriate engine cyl-, inder through the automatic valve 35,- thevalve of which is now open, would not effect the movement of thepistontherein, but the admission of the compressed air throughthe maindistributer to the appropriate pump cylinder, will immediately start thepump, which acts as a motor, and the admission of compressed air to anypump cylinder transmits the pressure of the motor fluid as before statedthrough the exhaust valves 32 of the pump and the passage 31 v theengine cylinder preceding the one which receives compressed air, ispartially relieved of its compression, as before stated, to fay thismeans the engine is brought practically by one or two revolutions of thecrank shaft to high speed, and as the cylinders not immediatelyoperating under compressed air are drawing and partially compressingtheir charges ofexplosive material which will be exploded by theigniters in the usual manner, the effect is an almost instantaneousstarting of the engineunder its own power,

after which the handle 96 is thrown to the neutral position and thesupply of com pressed fluid to the pump and engine eylinders 1s cut off,after which the engine continues to operate underits own power and thespring 28 withdraws the clutch member 21 from the recess 20, permittingthe combined pump and starter to be brought to a condition of rest.

In order to quickly relieve the pressure in the pump line S3 wheneverthe control valve is moved to neutral position, so as to permit thespring 28 to retract the piston 24 and Withdraw the clutch member 21, Iprefer to provide the control valve With special means for relieving thepressure in the pump line, which consists in this instance of thefollowing instrumentalities. The valve casing of the controlvalve isprovided With a small relief passage 5 extending from the bearingaperture of the valve shaft 95 to the atmosphere. The valve shaft isprovided With a recess 95 adapted to be brought into registration Withthe relief passage 75 when the valve 90 is in neutralposition and thevalve 90 is provided with a recess 90* in its face, communicating withthe shaft recess 95 and extending outwardly far enough so that when thevalve is in neutral position, this recess 90 will extend over the port84, which communicates with the pump pipe line 33. The result of thisconstruction is that as soon as the valve 99 is turned to neutralposition from either the pump position or starter position, it *Jvillestablish communication between the pump pipe line 33 and the atmospherethrough the valve recess 90, shaft recess 95, and relief passage 75,thus permitting the pump line to immediately relieve its pressure,thereby relieving the pressure in the cylinder 23 behind the" piston 24,and permit the spring 28 to quickly Withdraw the clutch member 21.

\Vhen'the control valve is-in neutral position and the relief passage 75in com- -munication with the port Set, the reduction "through the reliefpassage of'pressure in the pump line 33 just described, permits thecompressed fluid in the particular cylinder of the pump and starterwhich at the moment is in communication With the main distributer 51(and one or other of said cylinders is at all times in communicationwith the distributor), to exhaust through the exhaust valve into thepump line '33 and thence to the atmosphere This relieves thecol'npression in. the starter line 60 extending to the distributer 51and in the by pass 46 communicating With the actuating cylinders of theauxiliary inlet valves of the pump and starter, thus permitting the saidvalves to close. At the same time the pressure in the by pass 46extending from the starter pipe line (30 to the actuating cylinders forthe auxiliary valves 35 of the sition as soon as the controlling valveis restored to neutral position. I

When the combined pump and starter 1s operated from the engine as before.de-

reached in the tank, the springs holding the automatic valve 35 on theirseats, which are adjusted to resist any pressure below that desired ,inthe tank,. will thereafter yield and perinit an escape of compressed airfrom the pump cylinders. The valves 35 will thus act as safety valves toprevent the accumulation of too great pressure in the tank.

As beforestated, I prefer to provide the herein described means foradmitting compressed air-to the cylinders of the engine itself, as aquicker starting of the engine is obtained, since power is applieddirectly to the pistons'pf the engine and the combined pump and startermechanism merely acts under these conditions to turn the-engine oil thedead center and assist the operation .of the engine in attaining highspeed quickly. I wish it to be understood that my improved pump andstarter mechanism'can be usedwithout this direct connection with theengine cylinders 'by omitting the auxiliary distributing mechanismhereinbefore described anc the connections therefrom to the cylinders,and the automatic valves 35 will also be omitted from the enginecylinder under such conditions. The apparatus so modified can beutilized to compress air as before described, and also to notes a motorand start the engine through the connection between the'gear Wheel 16and the sprocket wheel 22 and sprocket chain 9.

The convertible motor compressor above referred to is not hereinspecifically claimed, as it forms the subject matter of a'separateapplication:

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In startingmechanism for an explosive engine, thecombinationwith a compressed fluidmotor, means for supplying compressed fluid thereto, means foroperatively connecting the motor with the crank shaft of the engine,connections from the means for supplying compressed fluid to the motor,extending directly to a cylinder of the engine, independent of anysupply of explosive mixture thereto for positively operating the engineby fluid pres sure. i

2. In starting mechani'smior an explosive engine, the combination with acompressed fluid m'otor, a storage tank. means for supplying compressedli-ui d from said. tank to said motor, meansfor operatively connectingthe. motor With the crankshaft of the engine, and means opera trolled bythe operation of the supplying compressed fluid from Q :e jtgnk 1directly ate a cylinder of the engine, independently oftthe supply ofthe explosive mixture thereto, -whereby said .motor will ;the engine, astorage der, a connection from the tank to said tributer, normallyclosed valves for closing pump and motor,

operate to rotate the engine shaft and will also supply the said enginecylinder with compressed .fluid acting directly therein.

3. The combination with an explosion engine :provided with a pluralityof cylinders, of a compressed fluid motor, means for operatively;connecting' the same with the engine crank shaft, a storage tankconnected with ;the;motor, a distributer oper- 'eratively controlled bysaid pump and motor, connections from said distributer to the auxiliaryair inlets of the engine cylindissaid inlets, and means forautomatically opening said valves.

5. The combination with an ex losion engme provided with a,plurality 0cylinders, each of said cylinders having an auxiliary inlet forcompressed 'fluid; of a combined pump and motor, means for operatively'connecting the same with the crank shaft of the engine, astoragetankconnected with said pump and motor, a distributeroperatively controlledby saidpump and motor, connections from said distributer 'to .the

auxiliary air inlets of the engine cylinder,-

a connection fronr the tank to said distributer, normally closed valvesfor closing said inlets, a cylinder and piston for opening'each of said.valves, and a by pass for connecting the tank with said valve-comtrolling cylinders for automatically opening said valves. g,

6. The combination with an explosion engine provided with a plurality ofcylinders, each of said cylinders'havingan auxiliary inlet forcompressed fluid; ofxa combined means for operatively connecting thesame with-'the'crank shaft of.

the engine, a storage tank connected with said pump and motor, adistributer operatively controlled by said pump rand-motor, connectionsfrom said distributer'jto the auxiliarv air inlets of the.enginecylinder, said distributer including among its 111181115 bers adistributer valve provided with means for establishing communicationbetween the tank and the engine cylinders successively, said valve beingalso provided with means for establishing communication between saidengine cylinders and the at-" gine having a plurality of cylinders,'eachhaving an auxiliary inlet for compressed motor fluid, of a combined pumpand motor, means for operatively connecting the same to the crank shaftof the engine, a storage tank connected with said combined pump andmotor, a distributer comprising a valve casing having ports connectedwith the auxiliary inlets of said engine cylinders, and having a reliefpassage communicating with the atmosphere,and a rotary distributer valvein said casing operatively connected with the combined pump and motorand provided with an inlet port adapted to establish communicationbetween the storage tank' and the engine cvlinders in succession, saidvalve having a relief aperture adapted to establish communicationbetween themgine cylinders and said relief passage.

8. The combination with an explosion engine having a plurality ofcylinders, each having an auxiliary inlet for compressed motor fluid, ofa combined pump and motor, means for operatively connecting the same tothe crank shaft of the engine, a storage tank connected with saidcombined pump and motor, a distributer comprising a valve casing havingports connected with the auxiliary inlets of said engine cylinders andhaving a relief passage communicating with the atmosphere, and a rotarydistribuf.

ter' valve in said casing operatively connected with the combined pumpand motor andprovided with an inlet port adapted to establishcommunication between the storagetank and the engine cylinders insuccession, said valve having a relief aperture adapted to establishcommunication between the engine cylinders and said relief passage, saidrelief passage being of such reduced size as to be insufiicient toentirely relieve the compression in the cylinders when the engine isbeing operated at high speed.

9, The combination with an explosion engine provided with a plurality ofcylinders.-

. each of said cylinders having an auxiliary inlet-aperture, a normallyclosed valve controllingsaid aperture, and a piston and cylinder foropening said valve, of a combinedpump and motor, a storage tank 0031- v,nectedtherewith, a main distributer interposed between' the tank andthe cvlinders of the pump and motor for supplying combined pump andmotor to the crank shaft pressed fluid to operate the same as a motor,an auxiliary distributer operatively connected with the pump and motor,connections between said auxiliary distributor and the auxiliary inletapertures of the engine cylinders, and connections between said. storagetank and the valve controlling cylinders of the engine cylindersforopening said valves.

10. The combination with an explosion engine having each cylinderprovided with an auxiliary inlet, of a combined pump and motor havingeach cylinder provided with an auxiliary inlet, a storage tank connectedwith said pump and lllOllOl,3, main distributer operatively connectedwith the pump and motor, connections from said distributer to theauxiliary inlets of the pump cylinders for operating the mechanism as amotor, an auxiliary distributer operatively connected with the pump andmotor, connections between said auxiliary distributer and the auxiliaryinlets of the en gine cylinders, a connection from the tank to both ofsaid distributers, clutch mechanism for operatively connecting the comofthe engine, a cylinder and piston for throwing said clutch intooperative position, and a by pass for establishing communication betweenthe air tank and said cylinder for automatically operating said clutchwhen the combined pump and motor is operated for either purpose $11. Thecombination with an explosion engine having each cylinder provided withan auxiliary inlet, anormally closed valve for said inlet, and acylinder andipiston forv opening each of said valves, of a combined pumpand motor having each-cylinder provided with inlet and outlet valves andwith an auxiliary inlet aperture, a normally closed valve controllingsaid aperture and a cylinder and piston for opening each of said valves,a storage tank'connected with the outlet valves, a main distributoroperwith the cylinders controlling the valves forthe auxiliary inlets ofthe engine cylniders, clutch mechanism for connecting the pump and motorwith the engine crank shaft, a

cylinder and piston for automatically o'pcrating said clutch when thepump and motOI lS operated for either purpose, and a by pass forestablishing communication between said'cylinder and the storage tank;

, 12. The combination with an explosion engine having each cylinderprovided with an auxiliary inlet, a normally closed valve controllingsaid mlet, and a cylinder and piston for opening said valve, of a com'bined pump and motor having each cylinder provided with an inlet andoutlet valve, an auxiliary inlet, normally closed valve therefor, and acylinder and piston for openingsaid valve, a storage tank, a pump lineconnecting the said outlet valves with the storage tank, a maindistributor casing provided with an exhaust port and with inletports,each connected to'one of said auxiliary inlets of the pump and motorcylinders, a rotary distributor valve opera atively connected with thecrank shaft of the pump and motor for controlling the said inlet andexhaust ports, a starter pipe line connecting the tank with saiddis-otributer, a by pass connecting said starter pipe line with thepistons controlling the auxiliary inlet valves of the pump and motor, anauxiliary distributercaslng provided with a relief aperture and inletports, a connectioufrom'each of said ports of one of theauxiliary inletsof the engine cylinder, a

rotary distributer, valve in said casing operatively connected with thecrank shaft of ,the pump and motor and provided with aperturescooperating with said ports, and relief aperture, said distributercasing being connected with the starter pipeline, a

by pass from the starter pipe line to the' pistons controlling thevalves for the auxiliary inlets of the engine cylinders, a controllingvalve interposed between the pump line and starter pipe line and saidtank, and

means for connectingithe crank shaft of the pump and motor with theengine crank shaft. g

13. The c'ombinatlon with an explosion an auxiliary inlet, a normallyclosed valve controlling said inlet, and a cylinder and piston foropening said valve, of a combined pump and motor having each cylinderprovided with an inlet and outlet valve, an auxiliary inlet, normallyclosed valvetherefor, and a cylinder and piston for opening I saidvalve, a storage tank, a pump line connecting the said outletvalves withthestorports, each connected to one of said auxiliary' inlets of thepump and motor cylinders, a rotary distributor Valve operatively 12 0age tank, a main distributor casing provided with an exhaust port andwith inletg,

5 connected with the crankshaft of the pump and motor for controllingthe saidinlet and exhaust ports, a starter pipe .line connect engine.having each cylinder provided with i i ing:'the tank with saiddistributor, a by pass connecting said starter pipe line with thepistonscontrolliiig the auxiliary inlet valves of the pump and motor, anauxiliary distribu'ter casing provided with a relief aperture and inletports, a connection from -each of said ports to one of the auxiliaryinlets of th engine cylinder, a rotary distributervalve in said casingoperatively connected with the crank shaft of the pump and motorprovided with apertures cooperating with said ports and relief aperture,

said distributer casing being connected with the starter pipe line, a bypass from the starter pipe line to the pistons controlling the valvesfor the auxiliary inlets of the enginecylinders, a controlling valveinterposed between the pump line and starter pipe line and said tank, aclutch for .connecting the crank shaft of the pump and motor with theengine crank shaft, a cylinder and piston for throwing said clutch intooperative position, and a by pass from the 7 pump pipe line to saidcylinder for automatically operating the clutch by back pressure fromthe tank whether the device is used as apump or a motor. v

14. The combination with an explosion engine having a cylinder providedwithan auxiliary inlet, a normally closed valve for said inlet, and acylinder and piston for opening said auxiliary inlet valve, of acombined pump and motor having a cylinder provided withinlet and outletvalves,'an'd with an auxiliary inlet aperture, a'storage .tank connectedwith the outlet valve, a

main distributor operated by the pump and motor, connections between thedistributer and the auxiliary inlet aperture of the pump and motorcylinder, an auxiliary distributer operatively connected with the pumpand motor, a connection between the auxiliary distributer and theauxiliary inlet of the engine cylinder, connections between the tank andsaid distributers, a by pass for connecting-the storage ,tank with thecylinder controlling the. auxiliary inlet valve for the engine cylinder,means for .op--

eratively connecting the pump and motor with the engine crank shaft, anda controlling valve interposed in the connections between the tank andthe dis'tributer 'andthesaid by pass and provided with a relief portadapted to establish communication between said by pass and theatmosphere when the valve is in inoperative position, to quickly'relieve pressure in the cylinder controlling the aux1liary inlet valvefor the engine ylinder.' v

15. ilhe combination with an explosion engine having a cylinder.provided with an auxiliary inlet, a normally closed valve for,

said inlet, and a cylinderand piston for opening said valve, ofacombined pump and motor having a cylinderprovided with inlet and outletvalves, and with an auxiliary inlet aperture, a storage tank connectedwith' the cylinder controlling the valve for the auxiliary inlet of theengine cylinder,

clutch mechanism for connecting the pump andmotor with the engine crankshaft, '21

ating' said'clutch, a by pass for establishing communication betweensaid cylinder and the storage tank, and a controlling valve interposedin the. connectionsfbetween the tank and the said distribute! and said.by

'tributers, a by pass for connecting the tank cylinder and piston forautomatically operpasses, said valve being provided with a relief portadapted to establish communication between said by passes and theatmosphere whenthe' valve is in inoperative position to quickly relievepressure in the cylinders for operating the clutch mechanism and thecontrolling valve for the auxiliary air inlet of the engine cylinder. I16. The combinationfwith ancxplos'ion engine having a cylinder-providedwith an auxiliary inlet, a normally closed, valve for. said inlet, and acylinder and piston for opening said valve, of a combined pump and motorhaving a cyliuder'provided with inlet and outlet valves, and with anauxiliary..-

inlet aperture, a normally closed valve-controlling said-aperture, andacylinder and piston 'for opening, said valve, a storage distributeroperated by the pump andvmotor, connections betw'eent'he distributorand,

tank connected with the/outlet valve, a main the 'auxiliary inletaperture of the pump'and motor cylinder, a by pass for connectingthe'storage tank with said cylinder for controlling the auxiliary inletvalve 0 the pump and motor, an auxiliary distributer.

operatively j connectedwith' the pump and motor, connections between;said distributor and the auxiliary inlet of the engine cylinder,connections for .supplyingcompressed flued' from the storage tank'toeach oi said distributers, a by pass for connecting" the storage tankwith the cylinder contifolling /th auxiliary inlet valve for theenginecylind er, clutch mechanism for connecting the pump and motor 'with theenginecrank shaft, a cylinder and piston for automaticallyoperatingsaidclutch, a by pass forestablishing communication -betv'veeansaid cylinder and then-1; storage tank, and a controlling valveinterposed in said connectio'hs passes for relieving pressure in thecylin-,

ders controlling the auxiliary inlet valves of the pump and motor and ofthe engine cylinder and the cylinder for operating the i Y clutch, for"quickly relieving pressure therein, when the controlling valve is ininoperar- 10 tive position.

v In testimony whereof Ieffix my signature in the presence of tWoWitnesses.

f i FRANK E. TEN EYOK. Witnesses:

BENN KENYQN, MARGLE KENYoN.

